Extraction With Diethyl Ether
Figure 4 16 shows a diagram of an aqueous solution being extracted twice with diethyl ether.
Extraction with diethyl ether. Extraction theory let s consider a compound x that is dissolved in water. It is also known by the name ethyl ether. Multiple extractions of an aqueous layer when the organic layer is on the top. The most common pair of extraction solvents used is diethyl ether often referred to as simply ether and water.
It is the most common ether known historically. Ether is a volatile flammable colourless liquid with a distinctive odour. Many solutions used in separatory funnels are fairly dilute so the density of the solution is approximately the same as the density of the solvent. Polarity is a relative term ether is considered nonpolar and water polar.
72 75 although the criteria states that the organic solvent chosen should not be miscible with water some solvents dissolve a small amount. It belongs to the large group of organic compounds called ethers. It was formerly used as a general anesthetic until. Diethyl ether or simply ether is an organic compound in the ether class with the formula c 2 h 5 2 o sometimes abbreviated as et 2 o see pseudoelement symbols it is a colorless highly volatile sweet smelling ethereal odour flammable liquid it is commonly used as a solvent in laboratories and as a starting fluid for some engines.
Ce naoh left aq right solution in a separatory funnel knowledge of the exact density of the 10. For example if mixing diethyl ether and a 10. Ether is a common name for diethyl ether. Diethyl ether has a density less than 1.
When it is used in this type of extraction along with water or a water based solvent the two substances do not form a single substance and instead separate. Petroleum ether is more non polar cheaper and less flammable than diethyl ether. Anhydrous diethyl ether ch3ch2och2ch3 and petroleum ether which is a mixture of pentane ch3ch2ch2ch2ch3 and hexane ch3ch2ch2ch2ch2ch3. The chemical formula for diethyl ether is c 2 h 5 oc 2 h 5.
Compound x is water soluble but is more soluble in diethyl ether. When talking about ether two kinds are used in lipid extraction. Ce naoh solution is not. I would stick to extraction with diethyl ether sodium borohydride is insoluble in diethyl ether extraction typically only requires 3 x 20 ml or similar add sodium borohydride and then add a.
Diethyl ether does not have different charges and chemical reactions at different points along its structure so it is a non polar organic compound. Suppose the solubility of x in water is 2 0 g 100 ml while its solubility in ether is 10 0 g 100 ml. Common extraction solvents are diethyl ether and methylene chloride. The fact that two phases are observed upon adding one to the other is a consequence of their different polarities.